Pronunciation(naf AZ oh leen)
U.S. Brand NamesAK-Con™; Albalon®; Allersol®; Clear Eyes® ACR [OTC]; Clear Eyes® Extra Relief [OTC]; Naphcon® [OTC]; Privine® [OTC]; VasoClear® [OTC] [DSC]
SynonymsNaphazoline Hydrochloride
Generic AvailableYes: Ophthalmic solution
Canadian Brand NamesNaphcon Forte®; Vasocon®
UseTopical ocular vasoconstrictor; will temporarily relieve congestion, itching, and minor irritation, and to control hyperemia in patients with superficial corneal vascularity; treatment of nasal congestion; adjunct for sinusitis
Pregnancy Risk FactorC
ContraindicationsHypersensitivity to naphazoline or any component of the formulation; narrow-angle glaucoma, prior to peripheral iridectomy (in patients susceptible to angle block)
Warnings/PrecautionsRebound congestion may occur with extended use; use with caution in the presence of hypertension, diabetes, hyperthyroidism, heart disease, coronary artery disease, cerebral arteriosclerosis, or long-standing bronchial asthma
Adverse ReactionsFrequency not defined.Cardiovascular: Systemic cardiovascular stimulation Central nervous system: Dizziness, headache, nervousness Gastrointestinal: Nausea Local: Transient stinging, nasal mucosa irritation, dryness, rebound congestion Ocular: Mydriasis, increased intraocular pressure, blurred vision Respiratory: Sneezing
Overdosage/ToxicologySymptoms of overdose include CNS depression, hypothermia, bradycardia, cardiovascular collapse, apnea, coma Following initiation of essential overdose management, toxic symptoms should be treated. The patient should be kept warm and monitored for alterations in vital functions. Seizures commonly respond to diazepam (5-10 mg I.V. bolus in adults every 15 minutes if needed up to a total of 30 mg; I.V. 0.25-0.4 mg/kg/dose up to a total of 10 mg for children) or to phenytoin or phenobarbital. Hypotension should be treated with fluids.
Drug InteractionsAnesthetics (discontinue mydriatic prior to use of anesthetics that sensitize the myocardium to sympathomimetics, ie, cyclopropane, halothane), MAO inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants may cause hypertensive reactions.
StabilityStore in tight, light-resistant containers
Mechanism of ActionStimulates alpha-adrenergic receptors in the arterioles of the conjunctiva and the nasal mucosa to produce vasoconstriction
Pharmacodynamics/KineticsOnset of action: Decongestant: Topical: ~10 minutes Duration: 2-6 hours
DosageNasal: Children: <6 years: Intranasal: Not recommended (especially infants) due to CNS depression 6-12 years: 1 spray of 0.05% into each nostril every 6 hours if necessary; therapy should not exceed 3-5 days Children >12 years and Adults: 0.05%, instill 1-2 drops or sprays every 6 hours if needed; therapy should not exceed 3-5 days Ophthalmic: Children <6 years: Not recommended for use due to CNS depression (especially in infants) Children >6 years and Adults: Instill 1-2 drops into conjunctival sac of affected eye(s) every 3-4 hours; therapy generally should not exceed 3-4 days
Patient EducationDo not use discolored solutions; discontinue eye drops if visual changes or ocular pain occur; notify prescriber of insomnia, tremor, or irregular heartbeat; stinging, burning, or drying of the nasal mucosa may occur; do not use beyond 72 hours
Nursing ImplicationsRebound congestion can result with continued use
Dental Health: Effects on Dental TreatmentNo significant effects or complications reported
Dental Health: Vasoconstrictor/Local Anesthetic PrecautionsNo information available to require special precautions
Mental Health: Effects on Mental StatusMay cause nervousness or dizziness
Mental Health: Effects on Psychiatric TreatmentTCAs and MAO inhibitors may potentiate the pressor response of decongestants; monitor for changes in response
Dosage Forms[DSC] = Discontinued productSolution, intranasal drops, as hydrochloride (Privine®): 0.05% (25 mL) Solution, intranasal spray, as hydrochloride (Privine®): 0.05% (20 mL) Solution, ophthalmic, as hydrochloride: 0.1% (15 mL) AK-Con™, Albalon®, Allersol®: 0.1% (15 mL) [contains benzalkonium chloride] Clear Eyes® Extra Relief: 0.012% (6 mL, 15 mL, 30 mL) [contains glycerin 0.2% and benzalkonium chloride] Clear Eyes® ACR: 0.012% (15 mL, 30 mL) [contains glycerin 0.2%, zinc sulfate 0.25%, and benzalkonium chloride] Naphcon®: 0.012% (15 mL) [contains benzalkonium chloride] VasoClear®: 0.02% (15 mL) [contains benzalkonium chloride] [DSC]
International Brand NamesAfazol Grin® (MX); Albalon® (AU, BE, CH, HK, LU, NL, NZ); Albasol® (CL, CO); Alphadinal® (MX); Bactio-Rhin® (AR); Benil® (HR, SI, YU); Clarimir® (CL); Claroft® (BR); Clear Eyes® (AU); Clorhidrat de Nafazolina® (RO); Cloridrato de Nafazolina® (BR); Coldan® (AT); Colirio Alfa® (ES); Collirio Alfa® (IT); Danof® (CL); Dazolin® (AR); Deltarhinol® (BE, TR); Desamin Same® (IT); Disel® (AR); Enflucide® (TR); Gotinal® (AR); Idril® (DE); Imidazyl® (IT); Iridina due® (IT); Isoftal® (AT); Ixana® (AR); Minhavez® (BE); Miraclar® (ES); Mirafrin® (CO); Mirasan® (AR); Murine® (GB); Nafaborat® (HR); Nafa-Gal® (RO); Nafazolina® (AR); Nafazolin Jadran® (HR); Nafazolin® (RO, YU); Nafazol® (RO, YU); Naftazolina® (IT); Naphasal Drops® (IL); Naphazolin® (BG); Naphcon forte® (AU, BE); Naphcon Forte® (CA); Naphcon forte® (IL, LU, TH, ZA); Naphcon® (RO, ZA); Naphtears® (CL); Naphthyzin® (RU); Narix® (BR); Neusinol® (BE); Ocunasal® (IL); Ophaguttal® (AT); Optazine® (AU); Optrine® (ID); Priciasol® (BE); Privina® (AR, BR); Privin® (AT, DE); Proculin® (CZ, DE, HU, RO); Pupilla® (IT); Red Off® (CL); Rhinaf® (EC); Rhinal® (AR); Rhinazin® (PL); Rhinon® (AT); Rhinon - Nasentropfen® (AT); Rhinoperd® (AT); Rimidol® (SE); Rinalek® (YU); Rinazina® (IT); Rinofug® (RO); Rinogut® (RO); Rino naftazolina® (IT); Safyr Bleu® (ZA); Sanorin® (CZ, RU); Siozwo® (DE); Tele-Stulln® (DE); Vasacon® (ID); Vasocedine® (BE, LU); Vasocon® (CA); Vasoconstrictor Pensa® (ES); VasoNit® (DE); Vi-Claro® (CL); Video-mill® (IT); Virginiana gocce verdi® (IT)
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